At the request of the Senate, the Court investigated the Very Large Research Infrastructure (RITF). Between 2012 and 2017, these companies generated €4.2 billion in resources. While positive momentum has been set in motion and continued since the Court’s last recommendations in 2009, there are still room for progress in establishing a national strategy and adapting the steering of the Irts, while the new European Horizon Europe programme is emerging. Three areas have been identified: rethinking the definition of research infrastructures, strengthening their strategic and operational management, and improving financial information to enable informed choices.