Data exchange between institutions: – state administration institutions do not have sufficient cooperation and not exchange the data electronically. Some institutions still choose the easiest way – they request that a resident should submit to one institution statements issued by another institution. The resident becomes a “courier” and does just that instead of one information system communicating with another to obtain the information necessary for decision-making. State administration could use the accumulated information more effectively without requesting the resident to provide data already available to institutions. – Planning and cooperation organisation of data exchange is fundamentally impeded by a fact that state administration still has not unified information and records on data, mutual movement and access conditions of 178 state and municipal information systems. Data circulation flow is not sufficiently transparent and traceable in order for institutions to have full information for the purposes of planning development of their own information systems and improvement of interoperability. As a result, institutions have difficulty in identifying whether specific information is already accumulated by state administration. In such situations, the institutions usually choose the easiest way: to request the information from the person; – A significant obstacle for establishment of data exchange is the issue of payment. Even though mostly information exchange between the state administration institutions takes place free of charge, yet there are exceptions based on the fact that these institutions are funded not only by the state budget means but also by revenue from services and state fees, including for a simple verification of information in registers.

Open data policy: – One of the ways to use data effectively is to create open data clusters by providing access of public data in a machine-readable form, free of charge and without restrictions to accessibility; – However, the list of priority data clusters to be opened has not been developed in this area as well, even though policy planning documents have identified significance and necessity of open data; – Even though one open data portal is planned, it may not be enough if it is not clear what new data clusters will be opened.